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The endocrine system is primarily responsible for the secretion of hormones into the bloodstream, which acts as chemical messengers that regulate various physiological processes throughout the body. Hormones are produced by endocrine glands, such as the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands, and pancreas, and they play critical roles in controlling metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, and mood, among other functions.

The release of hormones allows the body to maintain homeostasis and respond to changes both internally and externally, influencing processes like stress response, reproductive functions, and metabolism regulation. This hormone-mediated communication is crucial for coordinating complex bodily responses over longer periods compared to the faster, more immediate responses characteristic of the nervous system.